{"id":4288,"date":"2026-07-15T07:24:41","date_gmt":"2026-07-15T07:24:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hontitan.com\/?p=4288"},"modified":"2026-07-15T07:27:12","modified_gmt":"2026-07-15T07:27:12","slug":"china-titanium-sourcing-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hontitan.com\/ar\/china-titanium-sourcing-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646: \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0647. \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641<\/th>\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 ASTM<\/th>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f<\/th>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/th>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 (2026)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 1<\/td>UNS R50250<\/td>240 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 (35 \u0643\u0633\u064a)<\/td>4.51 \u062c\u0645\/\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631<\/td>53\u201356 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\/\u0643\u062c\u0645<\/td><\/tr>
\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 2<\/td>UNS R50400<\/td>345 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 (50 \u0643\u0633\u064a)<\/td>4.51 \u062c\u0645\/\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>53\u201354 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\/\u0643\u062c\u0645 (\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643) \/ 62\u201363 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\/\u0643\u062c\u0645 (\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d)<\/td><\/tr>
\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5 (Ti-6Al-4V)<\/td>UNS R56400<\/td>895 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 (130 \u0643\u0633\u064a)<\/td>4.43 \u062c\u0645\/\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/td>60\u201361 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643) \/ 115\u2013125 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646)<\/td><\/tr>
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 23 (Ti-6Al-4V ELI)<\/td>UNS R56401<\/td>828\u2013860 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 (120\u2013125 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/td>4.43 \u062c\u0645\/\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5 (~15\u201320%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0642 SMM \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2025. \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\/\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u061b \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0641\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 2 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u201d. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0640\u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u201d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u2014 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 1 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 2 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 50% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u201d\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 TC4. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 GB\/T \u2014 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 23 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5 \u0645\u0639 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f) \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u201cELI\u201d (Extra Low Interstitial). \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 23 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 23 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d: ASTM B265<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644: ASTM B348<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0631: ASTM B338<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a: ASTM B381<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646\/\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a: AMS 4928 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629: ASTM F67 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 1\u20134 CP)\u060c ASTM F136 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 23 ELI)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM \u0623\u0648 AMS \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u201cISO 9001\u201d \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM B348 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \"\u0641\u0631\u0646<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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      \n
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        \n
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        \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/strong> \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u00ab\u0647\u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u0643\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0648\u062c\u064a \u2014 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u2014 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0646\u0641 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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        \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637)\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0648\u062c\u064a \u2014 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (MTR) \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        \"\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

        \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644. \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u062f \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u00ab\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629\u00bb: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 6 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong>
        \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u8425\u4e1a\u6267\u7167) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u00bb (www.gsxt.gov.cn) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629. (\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        2. \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/strong>
        \u0627\u0633\u0623\u0644: \u201c\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0646 VAR \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u061f\u201d \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        3. \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f (MTR) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/strong>
        \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 6\u20138 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM \u0623\u0648 AMS \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 (\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ISO\/IEC 17025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        4. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>
        \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (MTR) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM B348 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5 (\u0623\u0648 AMS 4928 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646). \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 2\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (MTR) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM B265 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 2. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (MTR) \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u201c\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2014 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u201d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        5. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ISO 9001 (\u0648\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 AS9100D \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646)<\/strong>
        \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 ISO 9001 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627 (UKAS\u060c DAkkS\u060c CNAS). \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 PDF \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u2014 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 AS9100D \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        6. \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648)<\/strong>
        \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 $50,000 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 (SGS\u060c Bureau Veritas\u060c Intertek) \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        7. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/strong>
        \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u2014 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a. \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 (MTR) \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        8. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/strong>
        \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 (MTR) \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 (CoC) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u2014 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0643\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        9. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/strong>
        \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 XRF (\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629) \u0623\u0648 OES (\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645 PMI (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f). \u0633\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 XRF \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 (MTR) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643. \u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 $200 \u0648500 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 PMI \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        10. \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/strong>
        \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 50 \u0648200 \u0643\u062c\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0643\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • ISO 9001:2015<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • AS9100D<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ISO 9001 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 AS9100D \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a OASIS \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 iaqg.org\/tools\/oasis\/ (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u0622\u064a\u0632\u0648 13485<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 ELI \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 23 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636. (\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (FDA) \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 ISO 13485\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 MDR \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c MDSAP \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u201c\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u2014 \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 (MTR)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642<\/th>\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
          ASTM B265<\/td>\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 (\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a)<\/td>\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u062f\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/td><\/tr>
          ASTM B348<\/td>\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0645 (\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a)<\/td>\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/td><\/tr>
          ASTM B338<\/td>\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td><\/tr>
          ASTM B381<\/td>\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0629<\/td><\/tr>
          AMS 4928<\/td>\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646\/\u0643\u062a\u0644 Ti-6Al-4V \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/td><\/tr>
          AMS 4911<\/td>\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d\/\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d Ti-6Al-4V \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/td><\/tr>
          ASTM F67<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 CP \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a 1\u20134)<\/td>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/td><\/tr>
          ASTM F136<\/td>Ti-6Al-4V ELI \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/td>\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 23<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0646\u0629 (MTR)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 MTR (\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c CoA\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f) \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629\/\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c (\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628) \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM B348\u201d)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u201c\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u201d)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 MTR \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u201c\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u201d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 ASTM \u0623\u0648 AMS\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
            \"\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 (MTR) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u2014 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u00ab\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u063a\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0635\u00bb \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 SGS \u0623\u0648 Bureau Veritas \u0623\u0648 Intertek \u0623\u0648 T\u00dcV Rheinland) \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 (PSI) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 MTR \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a (PMI)<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 XRF \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (MTR)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 SGS \u0623\u0648 Bureau Veritas \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 $300 \u0648600 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 $20,000\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 1.5 \u06483%\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 PMI \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a (PMI) \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 XRF \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 30 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 XRF \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5 (Ti-6Al-4V)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 6% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u06484% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 0.5% \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 XRF: \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 ELI \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 23. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644 (IGF) \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM E1409 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646) \u0648\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM E1447 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646) \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0641 (NDT)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 (UT) \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM E2375 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 (MTR)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 (MTR). \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u2014 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u2014 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2026\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
              \"\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

              \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u2014 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0634\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 (SMM) \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 0\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 46,000 \u064848,000 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 3.2% \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062c\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 4 \u06488 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2025)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c<\/th>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641<\/th>\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\/\u0643\u062c\u0645<\/th>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
              \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629<\/td>TA1 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/td>55\u201356<\/td>7.60\u20137.75<\/td><\/tr>
              \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629<\/td>TA2 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>53\u201354<\/td>7.35\u20137.50<\/td><\/tr>
              \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629<\/td>TC4 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 5<\/td>60\u201361<\/td>8:30\u20138:45<\/td><\/tr>
              \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 (3\u20138 \u0645\u0645)<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 2<\/td>62\u201363<\/td>8.60\u20138.75<\/td><\/tr>
              \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>100\u2013105<\/td>13.85\u201314.55<\/td><\/tr>
              \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \/ TC4<\/td>115\u2013125<\/td>15:90\u201317:30<\/td><\/tr>
              \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 2<\/td>115\u2013125<\/td>15:90\u201317:30<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

              \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a: 7.23 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0642 SMM \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2025.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0643 \u0633\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              • \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0646\/\u0634\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a: $400\u2013900 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0629 20 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u061b \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a $5\u20138\/\u0643\u062c\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0629)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f (\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u2014 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 301 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629: $300\u2013600<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 2\u20135% \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f (LC) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a (T\/T)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 25% \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 SMM\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 20% \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0649)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0632\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a 2.79 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 4.82 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2034 (Fortune Business Insights). \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0622\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u2014 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u2014 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u00ab\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u00bb (HonTitan)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631: 2\u20135 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646: \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 (\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628: 3\u20136 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 3 \u0625\u0644\u0649 6 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0644 HonTitan \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 (MTR) \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  1. \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 (MTR) \u2014 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  2. \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 (CoC) \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM\/AMS \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  3. \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u2014 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  4. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  5. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 (FAI) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                    \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 8D\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 4 \u0625\u0644\u0649 8 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u201c\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u062c\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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                    \"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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                      \n
                    • \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0640 MTR<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u0641\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (MTR)\u061b \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
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                      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        \n
                      • \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 SMM \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 20\u201325%<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u061b \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/li>\n\n\n\n
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                          \n
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                          \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0647\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (MTR) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (PMI) \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0639\u0645 \u2014 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642. \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 BAOTI (\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645) \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a AMS \u0648ASTM \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u2014 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649: \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 ISO 9001:2015 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646: AS9100D. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a: ISO 13485. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c (B265\u060c B348\u060c B338\u060c B381) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (MTR) \u2014 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 ISO \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a ISO \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a IAF CertSearch (iafcertsearch.org) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0641 PDF \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c. \u0641\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 50 \u0648200 \u0643\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 100 \u0648500 \u0643\u062c\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0641\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629: 3\u20136 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u061b \u06486\u201310 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5\u201310 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 $5\u20138\/\u0643\u062c\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 18\u201325 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a (VAR) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 (MTR) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629\u201d \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0627\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0640 1\u20132 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                          \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u2014 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a: (1) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c (2) \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM\/AMS \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648(3) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 PMI \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a \u00ab\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u063a\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0635\u00bb \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 HonTitan \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (MTR) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 AS9100\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                          China produces over 60% of the world\u2019s titanium sponge and is home to the largest concentration of titanium mills globally, centered in Baoji, Shaanxi province. Buying directly from a verified Chinese manufacturer can cut material costs by 30\u201350% versus Western mill prices \u2014 but the risks are real: in 2023\u20132024, the FAA investigated counterfeit titanium […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4292,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4288","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hontitan.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4288","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hontitan.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hontitan.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hontitan.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hontitan.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4288"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/hontitan.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4288\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4296,"href":"https:\/\/hontitan.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4288\/revisions\/4296"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hontitan.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hontitan.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4288"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hontitan.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4288"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hontitan.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4288"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}